If you’ve noticed your cat acting differently – losing weight despite eating well, excessively grooming, or scooting across the floor – you might be dealing with a case of tapeworms. These pesky parasites are common in felines and can cause discomfort if left untreated. While they may not always be life-threatening, understanding the causes, signs, symptoms, and treatments for tapeworms in cats is crucial for maintaining your pet’s health.
In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know about cat tapeworm infections, from how they’re transmitted to the best treatment and prevention methods.
What are Tapeworms?
Tapeworms are flat, segmented intestinal parasites that can infect cats of all ages. These worms attach to the walls of the small intestine and absorb nutrients from their host. As they grow, segments of the worm break off and pass through the cat’s digestive system, often appearing as small, white worms in cats’ stool or around the anal area. The most common type of tapeworm found in cats is Dipylidium caninum, though other species, such as Taenia and Echinococcus, can also infect felines.
How Do Cats Get Tapeworms?
Cats primarily get tapeworms through the ingestion of infected fleas. Flea larvae consume tapeworm eggs, and when a cat grooms itself and swallows an infected flea, the tapeworms develop inside its intestines. Or, cats that hunt rodents or consume raw meat may contract different species of tapeworms through infected prey.
Common sources of tapeworm transmission:
- Ingesting fleas while grooming: Fleas are the most common culprit. When a cat grooms itself and accidentally swallows an infected flea, the tapeworm larvae inside the flea develop into adult tapeworms within the cat’s intestines.
- Hunting and eating infected rodents: Rodents such as mice and rats can act as intermediate hosts for tapeworms. When a cat catches and eats an infected rodent, the tapeworm larvae are released into the digestive system and mature into adult worms.
- Consuming raw or undercooked meat: Some types of tapeworms can be transmitted when cats consume infected meat, particularly if they are fed raw diets that have not been properly treated to eliminate parasites.
- Exposure to contaminated environments: Outdoor cats or those in multi-pet households may come into contact with infected feces, bedding, or contaminated soil where tapeworm eggs are present.
- Flea infestations in the home: Even indoor cars can be at risk because a flea infestation inside the home can increase the risk of tapeworm infection. Fleas can easily enter homes on shoes, clothing, or other animals, making flea prevention essential.
Signs of Tapeworm Infection in Cats
Before you even see evidence of tapeworms, your cat may exhibit certain behaviors that indicate discomfort or irritation. Some of the first red flags and signs of tapeworm infection in cats include:
- Increased or excessive grooming, particularly around the rear end
- Scooting or dragging their rear across the floor
- Changes in appetite (either an increase or decrease)
- Restlessness or signs of irritation
These signs can be related to many different conditions, including cat tapeworms. Ultimately, they are a good indicator that you should watch your pet closely and consider scheduling an appointment with a veterinarian.
Symptoms of Tapeworms in Cats
As the infection progresses, more noticeable tapeworm symptoms may appear, including:
- White worms in cats’ stool or around the anus: Tapeworm segments resemble grains of rice and are often found in feces or on bedding.
- Vomiting: In severe cases, cats may vomit a large segment of a tapeworm.
- Weight loss: Despite eating regularly, an infected cat may lose weight due to the parasite’s absorption of nutrients.
- Diarrhea: Some cats experience digestive upset as a result of a tapeworm infestation.
- Lethargy: While not always present, some cats may become more sluggish due to prolonged infection.
- Dull coat and poor grooming habits: A cat with tapeworms may develop a lackluster coat due to nutritional deficiencies caused by the parasite.
- Increased hunger or loss of appetite: Some cats may exhibit an increased appetite as their body tries to compensate for lost nutrients, while others may eat less due to digestive discomfort.
- Irritability or behavioral changes: If your cat is feeling unwell, they may be less social, hide more often, or become irritable when touched, especially around the abdominal area.
If you have noticed any of the above symptoms in your cat, acting quickly is the best way to minimize your pet’s discomfort and support a healthy recovery.
Are Tapeworms Dangerous for My Cat?
While a mild tapeworm infection may not immediately threaten a healthy adult cat, it can become problematic if left untreated. Tapeworms deprive the cat of essential nutrients, which can lead to malnutrition over time.
Cats that are more vulnerable to complications include:
- Kittens: Tapeworms can stunt growth and cause severe weight loss in young cats.
- Senior cats: Older felines with weakened immune systems may struggle to fight off infections.
- Cats with other health conditions: A tapeworm infection can worsen existing illnesses by further depleting essential nutrients.
How is a Diagnosis Made?
If you suspect your cat has tapeworms, it’s important to promptly take your pet to see a veterinarian. A vet professional will examine your cat and can confirm the diagnosis through several methods, including:
- Visual inspection: A vet may identify tapeworm segments around the cat’s anus or in the stool. Since the segments resemble grains of rice, pet owners may also notice them on bedding or furniture.
- Fecal exam: A microscopic examination of a stool sample may reveal tapeworm eggs, though eggs are not always present in every sample. Because of this, multiple fecal tests may be required for an accurate diagnosis.
- Physical examination: A vet may check for signs of malnutrition, weight loss, or irritation around the anal area. In cases of severe infection, the vet may also palpate the abdomen to check for intestinal discomfort.
- Medical history and lifestyle assessment: The vet may ask about flea prevention methods, hunting habits, and diet to determine the likelihood of a tapeworm infection. If a cat has had repeated flea infestations or frequently hunts, it may be at higher risk.
What is the Treatment for a Cat Tapeworm Infection?
The good news is that tapeworm treatment for cats is straightforward and highly effective. Several options are available, and your vet will recommend a method for how to get rid of tapeworms in cats depending on your specific situation:
- Oral deworming medication: Praziquantel is the most commonly prescribed oral medication for treating tapeworms. It is typically given as a single dose but may require a follow-up dose if reinfection occurs. Cats usually tolerate it well, and the worms are expelled within 24-48 hours.
- Injectable treatments: If a cat is difficult to medicate orally, a veterinarian may administer an injectable form of praziquantel. This treatment is typically given as a one-time injection, but additional doses may be required depending on the severity of the infection.
- Topical treatments: Some flea treatments include deworming agents that help eliminate tapeworms. These treatments are applied to the skin, typically between the shoulder blades, and work by absorbing into the bloodstream to kill parasites. They are particularly useful for pet owners who struggle to administer oral medications.
Most treatments work quickly, and pet owners should expect to see dead tapeworm segments in the cat’s stool within a day or two. It’s also important to continue flea prevention treatments to prevent reinfection.
Are Cat Tapeworms Contagious to Humans?
So, are cat tapeworms contagious to humans? Ultimately, the answer is: in some cases.
Understandably, a very common concern for pet owners is whether tapeworms can spread to humans. While rare, Dipylidium caninum can be transmitted to humans – primarily children – if they accidentally ingest an infected flea. However, maintaining flea prevention and proper hygiene significantly reduces this risk.
Tapeworms can absolutely be contagious to other pets in the household, particularly if fleas are present. Ensuring all pets receive flea control treatment is crucial to preventing reinfection.
Prevention of Tapeworms in Cats
Preventing tapeworms in cats is much easier than treating an infection. Here are key steps to protect your cat:
- Flea prevention: Regularly use vet-recommended flea treatments to minimize the risk of infection. Treat all pets in the household to avoid re-infestation.
- Maintain a clean environment: Vacuum frequently, wash bedding, and keep outdoor areas free from flea infestations. Fleas thrive in warm, humid environments, so regular cleaning reduces their population.
- Regular grooming and flea checks: Brushing your cat’s fur and checking for fleas regularly can help catch an infestation early before it leads to tapeworm transmission.
- Avoid raw meat and wild prey: Feeding your cat cooked or commercial cat food reduces exposure to tapeworm-infected prey.
- Regular vet check-ups: Routine veterinary visits help catch infections early and ensure your cat’s health. Discuss flea prevention strategies with your vet to tailor the best approach for your pet.
Contact an UrgentVet Near You Today!
If you suspect your cat has a tapeworm infection, don’t wait for symptoms to worsen. UrgentVet Pet Clinic provides compassionate, expert care to address your pet’s health concerns quickly and efficiently. With locations open 365 days a year, walk-ins welcome, and easy online scheduling, we make it simple to get your cat the care they need.
Find an UrgentVet near you today and keep your furry friend healthy and happy!
Image Credit: Andrzej Rostek / Shutterstock