If your dog has been scratching their ears more than usual or shaking their head frequently, it might be time to take a closer look – ear mites could be to blame. Though ear mites in dogs are not as common as they are in cats, they can still cause serious irritation and discomfort. Left untreated, these tiny parasites can lead to infections and long-term ear damage.
We’re walking you through the common causes, signs of ear mites in dogs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies, so you’ll know exactly how to keep your pup’s ears healthy and itch-free.
What are Ear Mites in Dogs?
Ear mites are tiny, spider-like parasites that live on the surface of a dog’s ear canal and feed on skin oils and wax. The most common type is Otodectes cynotis, the same mite responsible for ear mite infections in cats.
Once an ear mite infestation starts, it can quickly grow into a bigger problem, especially in puppies or dogs with weakened immune systems. While not typically life-threatening, ear mites can make your dog miserable and may lead to secondary infections if left untreated.
Symptoms of Ear Mites in Dogs
Ear mites in dogs can cause a range of symptoms, from mild itching to more obvious signs of discomfort. Because these symptoms can overlap with other ear issues (like bacterial infections or allergies), it’s important to know what to look for:
- Persistent scratching at the ears
- Head shaking or tilting
- Redness or swelling inside the ears
- A dark, waxy, or crusty buildup (often resembling coffee grounds)
- Unpleasant odor coming from the ears
- Sensitivity or pain when the ears are touched
- Hair loss or scabbing around the ears
These are some of the more common signs of ear mites in dogs, but keep in mind that some dogs may not show symptoms right away. In more advanced cases, your dog may also appear lethargic or have a reduced appetite due to discomfort.
Also, dogs recovering from other ear issues may sometimes be misdiagnosed or have overlapping symptoms that make diagnosis harder. For example, for a pet that is just getting over a yeast infection, dog ear mites could be more difficult to spot.
Causes of Ear Mites in Dogs
Dog ear mites are typically caused and spread through direct contact with another infected animal. Though they are more common in cats, dogs can pick up mites in shelters, boarding facilities, dog parks, or multi-pet households. Puppies, senior dogs, and those with compromised immune systems may be more susceptible.
Here are a few common ways dogs can get ear mites:
- Contact with infected pets: Dogs living with or interacting with cats or other dogs that have mites are more likely to become infested themselves. Even brief contact at the dog park or during a grooming session can be enough to transfer mites.
- Contaminated bedding or grooming tools: Mites can survive for short periods off the host and may linger on items like brushes, towels, or blankets. Sharing these items between pets can unknowingly spread mites from one animal to another.
- Poor hygiene or infrequent ear cleaning: A buildup of wax and debris can make the ear canal a more inviting place for mites to thrive. Many pet owners don’t realize that routine ear cleaning is an important part of preventive care, especially for breeds prone to ear issues.
How Veterinarians Diagnose Ear Mites in Dogs
To confirm an ear mite infestation, your veterinarian will perform a thorough ear examination. The diagnosis typically involves:
- Physical inspection: Your vet will visually check your dog’s ears for redness, wax buildup, or crusty discharge.
- Microscopic analysis: A swab of debris from the ear canal is examined under a microscope to look for mites, eggs, or other signs of parasites.
- Ruling out other causes: Because symptoms can mimic those of bacterial or yeast infections, vets may also conduct skin cytology or ear cultures to ensure accurate diagnosis.
A quick, accurate diagnosis is essential, as untreated ear mites can lead to further ear damage or secondary infections.
Treatment of Ear Mites in Dogs
Treating ear mites involves eliminating the parasites and soothing the inflammation they cause. When it comes to dog ear mite treatment, your veterinarian may recommend one or more of the following:
- Prescription ear drops: These medications contain ingredients that kill mites and reduce inflammation. Some also include antifungal or antibacterial agents to treat any secondary infections.
- Topical or oral medications: In some cases, a vet may prescribe a broader-spectrum flea or parasite treatment that also targets ear mites.
- Cleaning the ears: Your vet may clean your dog’s ears before treatment to remove wax and debris. This helps the medication work more effectively.
- Follow-up care: Multiple doses or follow-up visits may be necessary to confirm the mites are fully gone.
How to Get Rid of Ear Mites in Dogs
The best way to get rid of ear mites is through veterinary care. Over-the-counter options may not be as effective and could cause irritation if used improperly. Never attempt to treat an ear mite infestation without first consulting your vet. If you’re wondering how to get rid of ear mites in dogs, remember that early intervention and the right medication make a big difference.
Recovery and Management of Ear Mites in Dogs
After treatment, it’s normal for your dog to continue scratching for a few days as the irritation heals. With proper care, most dogs recover within two to three weeks. To support your dog’s recovery:
- Administer all medications exactly as prescribed
- Prevent scratching with an Elizabethan collar if needed
- Keep the ears clean and dry
- Watch for signs of reinfection or secondary issues
If symptoms persist beyond a few weeks, schedule a follow-up with your veterinarian to rule out other causes or complications.
Prevention of Ear Mites in Dogs
Preventing ear mites is all about maintaining good hygiene and minimizing exposure to infested animals or contaminated environments. Here are a few tips:
- Regular ear checks and cleaning: Routine inspections help catch issues early. Clean your dog’s ears with vet-approved solutions when needed.
- Use preventive parasite treatments: Many flea and tick preventatives also protect against ear mites.
- Keep bedding and grooming tools clean: Wash blankets, towels, and brushes regularly.
- Limit exposure to infected animals: Be cautious with dog park visits or boarding facilities if there’s an outbreak of ear mites.
If your dog has had mites before, your vet may recommend regular preventive treatments to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Ear Mites in Dogs FAQs
UrgentVet medical experts cover some of the frequently asked questions pet parents ask about ear mites in dogs below.
What Do Ear Mites Look Like in Dogs?
Ear mites are tiny white or grayish mites, barely visible to the naked eye. Under a microscope, they resemble tiny ticks with moving legs. What’s more noticeable is the dark, crumbly debris they leave behind in the ears.
Can Ear Mites Infest Your House?
Yes, mites can survive in your home for a short time. They may linger on bedding, furniture, or grooming tools, especially in multi-pet households. Cleaning and disinfecting your space is essential to prevent reinfestation.
Can Humans Get Ear Mites from Dogs?
It’s extremely rare, but not impossible. In very unusual cases, mites may cause mild skin irritation in humans. However, they do not typically infest people the way they do pets.
Do I Need to Take My Dog to the Vet for Ear Mites?
Yes. While the symptoms might seem minor at first, ear mites can cause significant discomfort and lead to infections if not properly treated. Your vet can confirm the diagnosis and provide safe, effective treatment.
Are There Home Remedies for Ear Mites in Dogs?
While some online sources suggest using oils or natural treatments, these are not recommended without veterinary guidance. Incorrect treatment can make things worse. Always consult your vet before trying any at-home solutions.
Does My Dog Have an Ear Infection or Ear Mites?
It can be hard to tell the difference, as both conditions cause similar symptoms like scratching, head shaking, and discharge. That’s why a veterinary exam is essential to determine the root cause and guide proper treatment.
Turn to UrgentVet for Treatment for Ear Mites in Dogs
If your dog is showing signs of an ear mite infestation, don’t wait to get help. At UrgentVet, we specialize in fast, compassionate care for non-life-threatening conditions like ear mites. Our team will evaluate your dog’s symptoms, provide an accurate diagnosis, and recommend the best course of treatment.
We’re here to help your pup feel better – quickly, gently, and with expert care you can trust. Walk in or schedule a same-day appointment at your nearest UrgentVet location.
Image Credit: Miriam Doerr Martin Frommherz / Shutterstock
