Limping is a common problem in pets, although they often try to hide the severity of their discomfort. Learning how to identify and record lameness in your four-legged friend can help us determine the cause, allowing for effective treatment. Our UrgentVet team highlights common limping causes in pets and explains how to record your pet’s limp to ensure we can give them the care they need.
Limping causes in pets
Limping in cats and dog limping can result from various conditions, ranging from minor injuries to serious health issues. Here are some common limping causes.
Injury and trauma in pets
Acute limping is often caused by a traumatic injury such as:
- Sprain or strain — Playing rough, jumping from a height, and having an awkward landing after a jump can cause your pet to sprain or strain their muscles and ligaments.
- Fracture — A broken bone is a severe cause of limping and usually results from significant trauma, such as being hit by a car or falling.
- Cut or foreign object — A small cut or an embedded object, such as a thorn or a glass shard, can cause a limp. A pet may avoid putting weight on the affected foot to avoid pain.
Joint issues in pets
Unlike an injury, a joint issue generally results in a gradual onset of limping. Joint issues that often affect pets include:
- Arthritis — Common in older pets, arthritis causes joint inflammation and pain over time, leading to a gradual onset of limping.
- Hip dysplasia — This genetic condition, often seen in larger dog breeds, results in abnormal hip joint formation, causing pain and limping.
- Luxating patella — Common in small dog breeds, this condition occurs when the kneecap (i.e., patella) dislocates from its normal position.
Nerve damage in pets
Nerve damage may result in limping that cannot be remedied. Nerve-based limping in pets can be caused by:
- Nerve injury — Trauma or infection can damage nerves, leading to partial paralysis or limping.
- Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) — Common in long-bodied, short-legged dog breeds, this condition affects the spine and can lead to limping or complete loss of limb function.
Infection in pets
Limping in pets can be caused by various infections, including:
- Abscess — Infection from a bite or wound can lead to an abscess, causing swelling, pain, and limping.
- Lyme disease — Transmitted by black-legged ticks, Lyme disease can cause joint inflammation and lameness.
Tumors in pets
Tumors, whether benign or malignant, can interfere with your pet’s range of motion and cause limping. Two tumor types in pets that can lead to limping include:
- Bone cancer — Osteosarcoma is a painful bone cancer that can cause limping, particularly in large- and giant-breed dogs.
- Benign growths — A noncancerous tumor or cyst can also lead to discomfort and limping, especially if the growth develops on or around the limbs.
Recording your pet’s limp
If you notice your pet limping, careful observation can help determine the severity and potential cause. Here’s what to look for:
- Chronicity — An intermittent limp might indicate a minor issue or early stages of a condition such as arthritis, while constant limping suggests a more severe problem.
- Duration — A limp that resolves within a day or two might be caused by a minor injury. Persistent limping over several days warrants a veterinary visit.
- Swelling — A swollen limb indicates possible injury, infection, or inflammation.
- Visible wound — A cut or abrasion may need cleaning and treatment to prevent infection.
- Behavior change — Lethargy, appetite loss, or excessive limb licking can signal pain and discomfort.
- Limp location — The limb being affected can provide clues. Front limb limping often points to shoulder, elbow, or paw issues, while hind limb limping may involve the hip, knee, or lower back.
When to see a veterinarian for your pet’s limp
While minor limping can sometimes be managed at home, professional attention is needed for the following signs:
- Severe pain — If your pet is vocalizing in pain or unable to move, seek immediate veterinary care.
- Swelling — Visible swelling, limb deformity, or inability to bear weight are signs of a serious injury.
- Prolonged limping — Any limp persisting for more than a few days should be evaluated by your primary care or UrgentVet veterinarian.
- Behavioral change — A significant behavior or appetite change can indicate that your pet has an underlying health issue that requires attention.
Preventing limping in pets
Preventing limping involves proactive care:
- Regular checkups — Routine veterinary visits can catch signs of early joint or bone issues.
- Weight management — Maintaining a healthy weight reduces joint stress.
- Safe environment — Minimize your pet’s injury risk by providing them with a safe play area and avoiding high-impact activities.
Limping in pets is a common yet concerning issue that can signify various health problems. By understanding the potential causes and observing your pet closely, you can take appropriate action to ensure their comfort and health. If your pet’s lameness worsens or appears suddenly and causes significant pain, check in online to see our UrgentVet team—because your pet can’t wait to feel better.